87. Biological and medical physics
87.10.+e General, theoretical, and mathematical biophysics (including logic of
biosystems, quantum biology, and relevant aspects of thermodynamics,
information theory, cybernetics, and bionics)
87.15.-v Molecular biophysics
87.15.By Structure, bonding, conformation, configuration, and isomerism of
biomolecules
87.15.Da Physical chemistry of solutions of biomolecules; condensed states
87.15.He Molecular dynamics and conformational changes
87.15.Kg Molecular interactions
87.15.Mi Spectra, photodissociation, and photoionization of biomolecules;
bioluminescence
87.15.Rn Photochemical reactions of biomolecules; biochemical reaction
mechanisms and kinetics; enzymatic catalysis; model reactions
87.22.-q Physics of cellular and physiological processes
87.22.As General theory and phenomenology
87.22.Bt Membrane and subcellular physics and structure
87.22.Fy Active transport processes across biological membranes; intracellular
electron transport; energy transduction (including photosynthesis and
oxidative phosphorylation)
87.22.Jb Muscle contraction, nerve conduction, synaptic transmission,
memorization, and other neurophysiological processes (excluding
perception processes and speech)
87.22.Me Enzymatic catalysis
87.22.Nf Mechano- and chemoceptions (including biosonic generation, detection,
and guidance)
87.22.Pg Biothermics
87.40.+w Biomagnetism (cardiomagnetism, neuromagnetism, tissue susceptibility)
and magnetobiology (magnetic field effects on cellular processes, and
on navigation and behavior of various species)
87.45.-k Biomechanics, biorheology, and biological fluid dynamics (see also
83.80.L--in rheology; for rheological properties of biological
materials, see 83.50)
87.45.Bp Mechanical properties of tissues and organs
87.45.Dr Physics of body movements
87.45.Ft Rheology of body fluids
87.45.Hw Haemodynamics, pneumodynamics
87.50.-a Biological effects of electromagnetic and particle radiation (see also
28.41.T Protection systems, safety, radiation monitoring, accidents,
and dismantling, 28.52.N Safety)
87.50.Gi Ionizing radiations (ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma-rays, ions, electrons,
positrons, neutrons, and mesons, etc.)
87.50.Hj Optical radiation (near ultraviolet, visible, and infrared)
87.50.Jk Radiofrequency and microwave radiation (power lines)
87.50.Ln Linear energy transfer (LET)
87.50.Nq Radiation protection (low LET) for diagnostic and therapeutic x-ray
energies
87.50.Pr Radiation protection (high LET)
87.51.+e Biological effects of sound and ultrasound; lithotripsy
87.53.-j Ionizing-radiation therapy physics
87.53.Bn Photon dosimetry: theory and algorithms
87.53.Dq Photon dosimetry: measurements
87.53.Fs Electron and positron dosimetry: theory and algorithms
87.53.Hv Electron and positron dosimetry: measurements
87.53.Jw Brachytherapy dosimetry: theory, algorithms, and measurements
87.53.Ly Stereotactic radiosurgery dosimetry: theory, algorithms, and
measurements
87.53.Na Radioimmunotherapy dosimetry: theory, algorithms, and measurements
87.53.Pb Proton, neutron, and heavier particle dosimetry: theory and algorithms
87.53.Qc Proton, neutron, and heavier particle dosimetry: measurements
87.53.Rd Microdosimetry
87.53.Tf Treatment planning: algorithms, collimation, verification of
alignment, optimization, quality assurance specifications, tissue
response factors (TCP and NTCP), etc.
87.54.-n Non-ionizing radiation therapy physics
87.54.Br Thermotherapy (hyperthermia and cryogenic therapy)
87.54.Dt Electrotherapy
87.56.-v Radiation therapy equipment
87.56.By Radiation generators
87.56.Da Ancillary equipment
87.56.Fc Quality assurance equipment
87.59.-e Medical imaging
87.59.Bh X-ray radiography
87.59.Ci Fluoroscopy
87.59.Dj Angiography
87.59.Ek Mammography
87.59.Fm Computed tomography (CT)
87.59.Hp Digital radiography
87.59.Jq Transmission imaging
87.59.Ls Bone densitometry
87.59.Mt Ultrasonography
87.59.Pw Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
87.59.Qx Nuclear medicine imaging, dosimetry, labeling and metabolic studies:
radiopharmaceuticals
87.59.Sz Quantitative scanning
87.59.Ta Single-photon emission computed-tomography (SPECT)
87.59.Vb Positron emission tomography (PET)
87.59.Wc Thermography, visible radiation imaging, and other imaging and
diagnostic techniques
87.62.+n Medical imaging equipment
87.64.-t Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biophysics and medical
physics (for spectrometers, see 07.57.P, 07.57.T, 07.60.R, 07.75 and
07.85.N)
87.64.Bx Electron, neutron and x-ray diffraction and scattering
87.64.Dz Electron microscopy; scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy
87.64.Fb X-ray spectroscopy, EXAFS
87.64.Hd EPR and NMR spectroscopy
87.64.Je Infrared and Raman spectroscopy
87.64.Lg Electron and photoelectron spectroscopy
87.64.Ni Optical absorption, magnetic circular dichroism, and fluorescence
spectroscopy
87.64.Pj Mossbauer spectroscopy
87.65.+y Aerospace bio- and medical physics (effects of accelerations,
weightlessness and space environment)
87.80.+s Biophysical instrumentation and techniques
87.90.+y Other topics in biophysics and medical physics